{"id":145,"date":"2020-02-08T14:06:06","date_gmt":"2020-02-08T14:06:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=145"},"modified":"2020-08-24T13:22:03","modified_gmt":"2020-08-24T13:22:03","slug":"frameworks-examples","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/chapter\/frameworks-examples\/","title":{"raw":"Frameworks: Examples","rendered":"Frameworks: Examples"},"content":{"raw":"<hr \/>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><em>\u00a0What follows are two examples of how to build a framework from the ground up<\/em><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<hr \/>\r\n\r\n<h1>Building a complete framework (1)<\/h1>\r\nI promised to show you how all this fits together but there\u2019s not one single risk framework so I\u2019m going to give you two examples, starting with a very, very simple example.\r\n\r\nSo simple that I jokingly called it TWSRM - the World\u2019s Simplest Risk Model.\r\n\r\nFirst, we need categories and we are just going to use the examples I used earlier as these work for almost every circumstance.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Market \/ Financial<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Statutory (regulatory) \/ political<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Safety \/ security \/ health<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Environment<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Licence to operate \/ reputation<\/li>\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Infrastructure<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\nNext we need our methodology. Because this is TWSRM, we are going to use a very simple definition for risk where risk is made up of two components: likelihood and impact.\r\n<pre>Risk = likelihood x impact<\/pre>\r\nNext, we use the most simple grading system we can so we just rate each component \u2018low\u2019 or \u2018high\u2019.\r\n\r\nFor simplicity, we put all of this into a matrix and get the following\r\n\r\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-146 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/Simplest-risk-model-1-295x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"295\" height=\"300\" \/>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><em>(You can see why I write and am not a graphic artist)<\/em><\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThis gives us an overall risk rating of \u2018low\u2019, \u2018moderate\u2019 or \u2018high\u2019.\r\n\r\nNext, we can jazz it up a little with some color to make the results easier to understand.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"size-medium wp-image-147 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/simplest-risk-model-2-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" \/>\r\n\r\nSo we now have a process for assessing a risk, rating it and differentiating between risks of different severity using the color codes.\r\n\r\nNext, we add some simple metrics.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-148 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/simplest-risk-model-3-293x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"293\" height=\"300\" \/>\r\n\r\nNow we also have a way to combine a number of risks to give us aggregate values or to compare individual risks by value.\r\n\r\nSimple though this is, we now have our categories, methodology, and grading system.\r\n\r\nSo we can assess a series of individual risks, compare these or combine the results to get an overall total.\u00a0 And simple though this is, if you just add one more row and column and grade the components \u2018low\u2019, \u2018moderate\u2019 or \u2018high\u2019, you end up with a nine-box grid that\u2019s used by companies all over the world.\r\n\r\nHowever, although I love how simple this is, there\u2019s a slightly different approach I prefer which we will look at in example two.\r\n<h1>Building a Complete Framework (2)<\/h1>\r\nAt this point, you might be thinking \u201cI thought you said this was KISS! Why make it more complicated?\u201d\r\n\r\nThat\u2019s a fair point so let me explain.\r\n\r\nThe three x three (sometimes five x five) matrix is fine but there are limitations. However, the reason I think it persists is because it works really well on a whiteboard or flipchart. If we add anything more to the methodology, it gets harder to represent in 2D or we have to cram more into each component which gets messy.\r\n\r\nSo instead I prefer a methodology that has three components.\r\n\r\nLet\u2019s begin with the ISO definition of risk as \u201cthe effect of uncertainty on objectives\u201d. We can dismantle this definition to identify three components that form the basis for an individual risk.\u00a0 Let\u2019s start breaking the definition down with uncertainty.\u00a0 Uncertainty arises from not knowing what kind of events might affect the organization, when an event could occur, the magnitude of an event or how the event could affect the organization.\u00a0 To help understand the overall risk, we need to understand the potential event and how vulnerable the organization is to that event.\r\n\r\nFirstly, there is a causal event that has the potential to change objectives.\r\n\r\nThe importance of the event can be considered as a product of its potential magnitude and likelihood.\u00a0 For negative events, we would normally describe this as a <strong>threat<\/strong> although sometimes hazard is used to describe negative events.\u00a0 Positive events can be described as opportunities.\r\n\r\nThe second component is <strong>vulnerability<\/strong> or exposure to the event which can be physical, operational\u00a0 or regularity proximity. This can be adjusted during the risk treatment phase to reduce vulnerability to negative events or to increase exposure to an opportunity.\r\n\r\nFinally, the last element is what <strong>impact<\/strong> the event could have.\u00a0 This assumes that whatever other protections were in place have been ineffective in some way and that the full force of the event is experienced.\u00a0 Impacts can include physical, financial or repetitional effects.\r\n\r\nCombined together, these three elements give us an expression of risk.\u00a0 For example:\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><em>\u2018We have a significant risk from event x (<strong>threat<\/strong>) due to our physical proximity to the likely affected area (<strong>vulnerability<\/strong>) which could lead to the closure of our operations in the affected area (<strong>impact<\/strong>).\u2019<\/em><\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nIf we sketch this out, we get the following\r\n\r\n<img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-149 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/rtiv-300x288.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"288\" \/>\r\n\r\nand we can also express this mathematically\r\n<pre>\r\nR = tvi<\/pre>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nWe can then use a set of values similar to those from the 'metrics' section to describe and ascribe a value to each factor.\r\n\r\n<img class=\"alignnone wp-image-288 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/rtvi-definitions-larger-image-for-B-W.jpeg\" alt=\"table showing examples of risk ratings and corresponding descriptions\" width=\"2587\" height=\"2387\" \/>\r\n\r\n&nbsp;\r\n\r\nThis is the approach I prefer for assessment calculations. It provides us with a much more detailed understanding of what's contributing to a risk which, in turn, gives us more options when it comes to designing mitigation and controls. And although it's slightly more complicated than a two-factor approach, it's still relatively simple and the additional complexity is well worth it.\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">-----<\/p>\r\nI appreciate that this methodology and approach isn't the same as the World\u2019s Simplest Risk Model described above. However, although my intent is to keep things simple, KISS means as simple as possible while still being effective. For me, the <strong><em>r= tiv<\/em> <\/strong>approach strikes the right balance between simplicity and effectiveness. The ability to understand the threat, vulnerability and impact separately becomes really valuable once you have your results and need to actually address your risks.\r\n\r\nThat's not to say that this model is for you. A three x three Boston Square may work well for your organization - the main thing is to have a methodology that works for your needs. After all, the perfect tool is of no use if it sits in your toolkit unused.","rendered":"<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><em>\u00a0What follows are two examples of how to build a framework from the ground up<\/em><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h1>Building a complete framework (1)<\/h1>\n<p>I promised to show you how all this fits together but there\u2019s not one single risk framework so I\u2019m going to give you two examples, starting with a very, very simple example.<\/p>\n<p>So simple that I jokingly called it TWSRM &#8211; the World\u2019s Simplest Risk Model.<\/p>\n<p>First, we need categories and we are just going to use the examples I used earlier as these work for almost every circumstance.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Market \/ Financial<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Statutory (regulatory) \/ political<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Safety \/ security \/ health<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Environment<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Licence to operate \/ reputation<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Infrastructure<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Next we need our methodology. Because this is TWSRM, we are going to use a very simple definition for risk where risk is made up of two components: likelihood and impact.<\/p>\n<pre>Risk = likelihood x impact<\/pre>\n<p>Next, we use the most simple grading system we can so we just rate each component \u2018low\u2019 or \u2018high\u2019.<\/p>\n<p>For simplicity, we put all of this into a matrix and get the following<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-146 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/Simplest-risk-model-1-295x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"295\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/Simplest-risk-model-1-295x300.jpg 295w, https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/Simplest-risk-model-1-768x782.jpg 768w, https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/Simplest-risk-model-1-1006x1024.jpg 1006w, https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/Simplest-risk-model-1-65x66.jpg 65w, https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/Simplest-risk-model-1-225x229.jpg 225w, https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/Simplest-risk-model-1-350x356.jpg 350w, https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/Simplest-risk-model-1.jpg 1981w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 295px) 100vw, 295px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><em>(You can see why I write and am not a graphic artist)<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>This gives us an overall risk rating of \u2018low\u2019, \u2018moderate\u2019 or \u2018high\u2019.<\/p>\n<p>Next, we can jazz it up a little with some color to make the results easier to understand.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-147 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/simplest-risk-model-2-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/simplest-risk-model-2-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/simplest-risk-model-2-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/simplest-risk-model-2-768x765.jpg 768w, https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/simplest-risk-model-2-1024x1020.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/simplest-risk-model-2-65x65.jpg 65w, https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/simplest-risk-model-2-225x224.jpg 225w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>So we now have a process for assessing a risk, rating it and differentiating between risks of different severity using the color codes.<\/p>\n<p>Next, we add some simple metrics.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-148 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/simplest-risk-model-3-293x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"293\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/simplest-risk-model-3-293x300.jpg 293w, https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/simplest-risk-model-3-768x785.jpg 768w, https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/simplest-risk-model-3-1002x1024.jpg 1002w, https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/simplest-risk-model-3-65x66.jpg 65w, https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/simplest-risk-model-3-225x230.jpg 225w, https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/simplest-risk-model-3-350x358.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 293px) 100vw, 293px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Now we also have a way to combine a number of risks to give us aggregate values or to compare individual risks by value.<\/p>\n<p>Simple though this is, we now have our categories, methodology, and grading system.<\/p>\n<p>So we can assess a series of individual risks, compare these or combine the results to get an overall total.\u00a0 And simple though this is, if you just add one more row and column and grade the components \u2018low\u2019, \u2018moderate\u2019 or \u2018high\u2019, you end up with a nine-box grid that\u2019s used by companies all over the world.<\/p>\n<p>However, although I love how simple this is, there\u2019s a slightly different approach I prefer which we will look at in example two.<\/p>\n<h1>Building a Complete Framework (2)<\/h1>\n<p>At this point, you might be thinking \u201cI thought you said this was KISS! Why make it more complicated?\u201d<\/p>\n<p>That\u2019s a fair point so let me explain.<\/p>\n<p>The three x three (sometimes five x five) matrix is fine but there are limitations. However, the reason I think it persists is because it works really well on a whiteboard or flipchart. If we add anything more to the methodology, it gets harder to represent in 2D or we have to cram more into each component which gets messy.<\/p>\n<p>So instead I prefer a methodology that has three components.<\/p>\n<p>Let\u2019s begin with the ISO definition of risk as \u201cthe effect of uncertainty on objectives\u201d. We can dismantle this definition to identify three components that form the basis for an individual risk.\u00a0 Let\u2019s start breaking the definition down with uncertainty.\u00a0 Uncertainty arises from not knowing what kind of events might affect the organization, when an event could occur, the magnitude of an event or how the event could affect the organization.\u00a0 To help understand the overall risk, we need to understand the potential event and how vulnerable the organization is to that event.<\/p>\n<p>Firstly, there is a causal event that has the potential to change objectives.<\/p>\n<p>The importance of the event can be considered as a product of its potential magnitude and likelihood.\u00a0 For negative events, we would normally describe this as a <strong>threat<\/strong> although sometimes hazard is used to describe negative events.\u00a0 Positive events can be described as opportunities.<\/p>\n<p>The second component is <strong>vulnerability<\/strong> or exposure to the event which can be physical, operational\u00a0 or regularity proximity. This can be adjusted during the risk treatment phase to reduce vulnerability to negative events or to increase exposure to an opportunity.<\/p>\n<p>Finally, the last element is what <strong>impact<\/strong> the event could have.\u00a0 This assumes that whatever other protections were in place have been ineffective in some way and that the full force of the event is experienced.\u00a0 Impacts can include physical, financial or repetitional effects.<\/p>\n<p>Combined together, these three elements give us an expression of risk.\u00a0 For example:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><em>\u2018We have a significant risk from event x (<strong>threat<\/strong>) due to our physical proximity to the likely affected area (<strong>vulnerability<\/strong>) which could lead to the closure of our operations in the affected area (<strong>impact<\/strong>).\u2019<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>If we sketch this out, we get the following<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-149 size-medium\" src=\"http:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/rtiv-300x288.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"288\" srcset=\"https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/rtiv-300x288.png 300w, https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/rtiv-65x62.png 65w, https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/rtiv-225x216.png 225w, https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/rtiv-350x336.png 350w, https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/rtiv.png 471w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>and we can also express this mathematically<\/p>\n<pre>\r\nR = tvi<\/pre>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>We can then use a set of values similar to those from the &#8216;metrics&#8217; section to describe and ascribe a value to each factor.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-288 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/rtvi-definitions-larger-image-for-B-W.jpeg\" alt=\"table showing examples of risk ratings and corresponding descriptions\" width=\"2587\" height=\"2387\" srcset=\"https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/rtvi-definitions-larger-image-for-B-W.jpeg 2587w, https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/rtvi-definitions-larger-image-for-B-W-300x277.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/rtvi-definitions-larger-image-for-B-W-768x709.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/rtvi-definitions-larger-image-for-B-W-1024x945.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/rtvi-definitions-larger-image-for-B-W-65x60.jpeg 65w, https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/rtvi-definitions-larger-image-for-B-W-225x208.jpeg 225w, https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/233\/2020\/02\/rtvi-definitions-larger-image-for-B-W-350x323.jpeg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2587px) 100vw, 2587px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>This is the approach I prefer for assessment calculations. It provides us with a much more detailed understanding of what&#8217;s contributing to a risk which, in turn, gives us more options when it comes to designing mitigation and controls. And although it&#8217;s slightly more complicated than a two-factor approach, it&#8217;s still relatively simple and the additional complexity is well worth it.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">&#8212;&#8211;<\/p>\n<p>I appreciate that this methodology and approach isn&#8217;t the same as the World\u2019s Simplest Risk Model described above. However, although my intent is to keep things simple, KISS means as simple as possible while still being effective. For me, the <strong><em>r= tiv<\/em> <\/strong>approach strikes the right balance between simplicity and effectiveness. The ability to understand the threat, vulnerability and impact separately becomes really valuable once you have your results and need to actually address your risks.<\/p>\n<p>That&#8217;s not to say that this model is for you. A three x three Boston Square may work well for your organization &#8211; the main thing is to have a methodology that works for your needs. After all, the perfect tool is of no use if it sits in your toolkit unused.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":253,"menu_order":8,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-145","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":172,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/145","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/253"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/145\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":341,"href":"https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/145\/revisions\/341"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/172"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/145\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=145"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=145"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=145"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/authorlab.pro\/layout\/beyondthespreadsheet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=145"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}